Thus, 2 doesn’t have proper factors, and it is, therefore, a prime number.Ī composite number is a natural number that has proper factors. For example, the only factors of 2 are 1 and 2. Thus, the proper factors of 8 are 2 and 4.Ī natural number is called a prime number if it is greater than 1, and it doesn’t have proper factors. Moreover, a proper factor of a natural number is a factor that is different from 1 and from the number itself. For example, the factors of 8 are 1, 2, 4, and 8, because 8 = 8 × 1 = 2 × 4. If you are curious about what prime and composite numbers are, get ready… We are set to learn great things about these infinitely amazing numbers! Prime and composite numbersĪ factor of a natural number is a positive divisor of it. That a number can be written in a unique way using primes, is one of the most important properties of primes numbers, because they basically give an ID to each integer greater than 1. For example, 54 = 6 × 9 and 54 = 2 × 3 × 9 are different ways of writing 54 as a product of factors but, 54 = 2× 3 × 3 × 3 is a unique way using prime numbers! The Fundamental Theorem of Arithmetic says that any integer greater than 1 can be written, in a unique way, as a product of prime numbers.
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